The largest building enterprise that had so far been undertaken by the School, the construction of the New Upper School on the high ground beyond the pond and west of the Lower School, was begun March 3, 1902 and completed March 1904. While originally planned as an addition to the Old Upper School which was situated in the meadow opposite the Squash Courts (and for which the Old Upper building was moved back a hundred feet), that plan was eventually dropped in favor of a new building, the last of four Henry Vaughan-designed buildings at the school. The heavy cost of the building added a great deal to the school debt, and criticism arose over the building’s lack of a clear entrance and shortage of closets. Perhaps more serious than the economic or design defects of the building were its consequences on the morale of the Sixth Formers who inhabited it, the remote hilltop location separating them from the rest of the School and giving them a feeling of exclusivity which further fostered groups such as the secret societies. However, the New Upper was an important building and may have served as a model for early twentieth-century houses and colleges of East Coast universities, such as the ones donated by Edward S. Harkness, Form of 1893, at Harvard and Yale in the 1920s and 1930s.